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Self Defense, Services, Situational Awareness

OC (Pepper Spray) Certification Class in Colorado – Non-Lethal Self-Defense for Civilians

When it comes to personal protection, not everyone wants—or needs—to carry a firearm.
For many responsible Coloradans, pepper spray (OC spray) is the perfect non-lethal self-defense option: affordable, effective, and legal to carry in public.

That’s why we now offer the Civilian OC Spray Certification Course in Colorado, taught by Alicia Garcia, a certified OC instructor and defensive tactics trainer.

This 2-hour class gives you the skills and confidence to use OC spray safely, effectively, and legally—helping you stay protected no matter your comfort level with firearms.

👉 Register Now – OC Spray Certification Class in Thornton, Colorado


Yes. Pepper spray—technically called Oleoresin Capsicum (OC)—is completely legal to carry and use for lawful self-defense in Colorado.
There are no registration, permit, or age restrictions for civilians, and OC spray is not classified as a firearm.

However, misuse—such as using pepper spray offensively or in anger—can still lead to criminal or civil penalties.
This course teaches you when OC spray use is legally justified under Colorado Revised Statute § 18-1-704, what constitutes “reasonable force,” and how to clearly articulate your actions to law enforcement after an incident.

Training ensures that you understand not just how to spray—but when and why.


Why Take a Pepper Spray Certification Class?

Buying a can of pepper spray doesn’t make you safer—knowing how and when to use it does.
This certification course covers the real-world, practical skills needed to deploy OC spray confidently under stress.

You’ll learn:

  • Colorado laws governing self-defense and non-lethal force
  • How to properly deploy, aim, and maintain distance
  • Situational awareness and avoidance strategies
  • Decontamination procedures and after-care
  • How to document and report a defensive use

No live exposure is required.
This is a hands-on, judgment-based class designed for real civilians—not security officers—who want to protect themselves responsibly.


Why We Use SABRE OC Spray

We exclusively use and recommend SABRE brand OC spray products for all civilian and professional training.

SABRE is a trusted leader in personal safety and law enforcement-grade OC products. Their sprays are made in the USA, lab-tested for heat and consistency, and trusted by police departments and security professionals worldwide.

We use SABRE because it delivers consistent, professional-grade performance that other brands can’t match.

Here’s why CCCD stands by SABRE:

  • Consistent Performance: Every canister is pressure-tested for reliability.
  • Superior Range & Accuracy: Most SABRE sprays reach 8–12 feet for safe distance defense.
  • High-Quality Formulas: SABRE measures potency using both Scoville Heat Units (SHU) and Major Capsaicinoids (MC)—ensuring maximum stopping power.
  • Enhanced Safety Features: Flip-top and twist-lock designs prevent accidental discharge.
  • Law Enforcement Grade: The same manufacturer supplies both civilian and police OC products, guaranteeing performance you can trust.

Both Mark Schneider and Alicia Garcia personally use SABRE Red Gel Spray for civilian carry and recommend it for all students.
SABRE’s proven reliability, precision, and quality make it the industry standard in non-lethal personal defense.

Every student in this course receives a small SABRE OC spray can (≈ $15 value) to take home, along with a printed training pamphlet and an official CCCD Certificate of Completion.


Building Confidence — With or Without a Firearm

This class helps build confidence under stress, regardless of what you carry.
Many students take this as their first step into self-defense training, while others—especially concealed carry holders—take it to expand their non-lethal options.

Pepper spray bridges the gap between verbal commands and lethal force.
For concealed carriers, it’s a safe and legally sound intermediate tool for situations that don’t justify drawing a firearm.
For civilians who choose not to carry a gun, OC spray provides a practical, fast, and effective means of defense without the legal and emotional weight of lethal force.

After completing this class, you’ll:

  • Recognize pre-attack indicators early
  • Control distance and manage personal space
  • Deploy OC safely under pressure
  • De-escalate and communicate with confidence

This is how responsible citizens protect themselves—calmly, confidently, and within the law.


Course Details

  • 📍 Location: 2090 E. 104th Ave, Unit 304, Thornton, CO 80233
  • Duration: 2 hours (classroom and hands-on practical training)
  • 💰 Cost: See Calendar
  • 👩‍🏫 Instructor: Alicia Garcia – Certified OC Instructor, CCCD
  • 🎓 Includes:
    • Small SABRE OC Spray Can ($15 value)
    • Printed Training Pamphlet
    • Official CCCD Certificate of Completion

No live OC exposure required. Training focuses on safety, confidence, and responsible civilian use.

👉 Register Now – OC Spray Certification Class in Thornton, Colorado


Group and Corporate OC Spray Training

CCCD offers private OC Spray Certification sessions for businesses, community groups, and organizations across the Denver metro area.
These sessions are ideal for church safety teams, real estate offices, and workplace safety programs that want to empower staff with practical, non-lethal defensive options.

Private classes can be held at your site or at one of our classrooms in Thornton or Denver.
Group training enhances awareness, reduces liability, and prepares teams for real-world safety challenges.

To schedule a private group training, contact CCCD for custom pricing and availability.


Why Every Civilian Should Take an OC Spray Class

Pepper spray is often underestimated, but when used correctly, it’s one of the most effective self-defense tools available.
This training provides more than just a certificate—it gives you real-world confidence and peace of mind.

You’ll walk away understanding:

  • When you’re legally justified in using OC spray
  • How to avoid dangerous encounters altogether
  • How to deploy safely and communicate effectively afterward

Whether you’re a college student, parent, rideshare driver, or business professional, this class equips you with the skills to handle unpredictable situations the right way.


Ready to expand your self-defense knowledge?
Explore more training from CCCD:

Each link offers more insight into lawful, responsible personal protection across Colorado.


Serving Students Across the Denver Metro Area

While this class is held at our Thornton classroom, Concealed Carry Classes of Denver (CCCD) proudly serves students from across the Denver metro and Front Range, including:

Thornton, Northglenn, Westminster, Broomfield, Brighton, Commerce City, Arvada, Aurora, Denver, Lakewood, Federal Heights, Lafayette, Louisville, Erie, Longmont, Henderson, Parker, Centennial, Littleton, Wheat Ridge, Castle Rock, and Loveland.

Whether you live in the north, south, or central Denver area, you’re welcome to attend our Civilian OC Spray Certification Course.
Our goal is to make professional, affordable, and lawful self-defense training accessible to everyone throughout Colorado’s Front Range.


Register Today

Seats are limited for the Civilian OC Spray Certification Course to ensure safe, individualized instruction.
Register today and earn your official CCCD OC Spray Certificate with instructor Alicia Garcia.

👉 Register Now – OC Spray Certification Class in Thornton, Colorado

Concealed Carry, Firearms Training, Services, Shooting Techniques, Situational Awareness

Concealed Carry & Firearms Training for Women in the Denver Metro Area

Women across Colorado are taking charge of their safety through professional firearms training and concealed carry certification. In the Denver Metro area, interest in women’s firearm safety and CCW classes continues to grow rapidly.

Instructor Alicia Garcia leads women’s firearm instruction at our Thornton classroom, conveniently located near E. 104th Avenue. Her classes are designed to build knowledge, confidence, and readiness in a comfortable, safe, and supportive setting.


💪 Empowerment Through Firearms Education

Firearm ownership and concealed carry aren’t about intimidation—they’re about confidence, self-reliance, and preparedness. Whether you live in Thornton, Denver, Aurora, Lakewood, Westminster, Arvada, Northglenn, Broomfield, or Castle Rock, having the right training ensures that you can handle your firearm safely, lawfully, and confidently.

Alicia’s instruction focuses on helping women develop real skills for real situations—balancing practical shooting, defensive awareness, and legal understanding under Colorado law.


🎯 What Women Learn in Our Classes

Each class combines classroom instruction, safety drills, and live-fire qualification that meets Colorado Revised Statute § 18-12-202.5 for concealed handgun certification.

Topics include:

  • Safe firearm handling, loading, and malfunction clearing
  • Colorado concealed carry laws and CRS § 18-1-704 on use of force
  • Avoidance, awareness, and conflict de-escalation
  • Drawing from concealment safely and efficiently
  • Stress management and decision-making under pressure
  • Live-fire marksmanship and defensive accuracy

Every session builds competence and confidence while reinforcing firearm safety principles.


👠 Firearms Training Tailored for Women

Alicia Garcia’s classes are built specifically for women seeking practical, judgment-free training. Students learn how to:

  • Choose a handgun suited to their hand size and comfort level
  • Understand carry options that work with women’s clothing and lifestyle
  • Safely draw from body or purse carry methods
  • Build muscle memory and confidence through structured repetition

Her teaching style focuses on safety, patience, and helping each student progress at her own pace—whether brand-new to firearms or experienced but seeking refinement.


⚖️ Colorado Concealed Carry Permit Requirements

To carry a concealed handgun in Colorado, students must:

  • Be 21 years of age or older
  • Complete a state-approved concealed carry course
  • Be a Colorado resident
  • Pass a background check through their county sheriff’s office

Permits are valid for five years and may be renewed with a shorter refresher course covering updated laws and a live-fire proficiency check.


📍 Thornton — Alicia Garcia’s Primary Classroom

Alicia Garcia teaches out of Thornton, Colorado, located near E. 104th Avenue, easily accessible from I-25. This location serves as her primary classroom and offers convenient access for students across the north and central Denver Metro area.

The Thornton facility provides a clean, professional environment for both classroom and live-fire instruction, with easy parking and range access nearby.


🏙️ Denver Metro Area Cities We Serve

Concealed Carry Classes of Denver proudly provides training opportunities for women throughout the entire Denver Metropolitan Area and surrounding communities, including:

North & Central Metro:
Thornton • Westminster • Broomfield • Northglenn • Arvada • Commerce City • Federal Heights • Brighton

South & West Metro:
Lakewood • Littleton • Englewood • Highlands Ranch • Centennial • Lone Tree

East Metro:
Aurora • Green Valley Ranch • Montbello • Central Park (formerly Stapleton)

Further Along the Front Range:
Castle Rock • Parker • Golden • Morrison • Evergreen • Colorado Springs

No matter where you’re located, our training sites in Thornton and South Denver (Holly Street) make it easy to find a class near you.


🔒 Why Women Choose Concealed Carry Classes of Denver

  • Female-led instruction focused on safety and real-world confidence
  • State-approved concealed carry certification
  • Live-fire qualification included in every course
  • Rental firearms and ammunition available
  • Comfortable, professional classroom settings
  • Convenient scheduling across the Denver Metro area

👩‍🏫 About Alicia Garcia

Alicia Garcia is a nationally certified firearms instructor and range safety officer based in Thornton, Colorado. She specializes in women’s firearms and concealed carry training, helping students build confidence through hands-on, practical instruction.

Beyond the classroom, Alicia is a passionate advocate for Second Amendment rights and responsible firearm ownership. Her approach emphasizes safety, situational awareness, and empowering women to carry legally and confidently.

Click here for her full instructor profile →


🗓️ Ready to Sign Up?

Join hundreds of women across the Denver Metro area who have gained confidence, safety, and peace of mind through professional concealed carry instruction.

Class Locations:

  • Thornton Classroom — 2090 E. 104th Ave, Unit 304, Thornton, CO 80233
  • Denver Classroom — 2186 S. Holly St, Unit 101-A, Denver, CO 80222

✅ Live-fire range qualification included
✅ Rental firearms and ammo available
✅ State-approved certification for CHP application
✅ Female-led instruction in a supportive setting

👉 Reserve your spot today: CLICK HERE TO VIEW OR TRAINING CALENDAR
Spaces fill quickly and pre-registration is required.

Legal & Law, News

Portland Cannabis Store Employee Acquitted in Double-Homicide Case After Robbery Attempt


A Portland cannabis store employee, Jason Steiner, has been found not guilty on all charges in connection with a double homicide that occurred during an attempted robbery at La Mota, a cannabis dispensary in North Portland.

🎥 Watch the full coverage here:
YouTube – Portland Cannabis Store Shooting


The Incident

According to police and court records, three men entered the La Mota cannabis dispensary in what appeared to be an armed robbery. Two of them were armed with handguns and pointed them directly at the only employee working that night — Jason Steiner.

Steiner was held at gunpoint and forced outside the store while the armed suspects remained inside to continue the robbery. Once outside, Steiner retrieved his firearm from his backpack, moved to a nearby window, and fired 13 rounds through the glass at the suspects inside the store.

Two of the robbers were struck and killed. The third fled.

Investigators later confirmed that Steiner was a lawful employee and had every right to be on the property. Prosecutors, however, charged him with two counts of murder, arguing that because he was outside when he fired, he was no longer in “imminent danger.”

After a full trial and extensive review of surveillance footage, ballistics, and testimony, a jury acquitted Steiner on all counts, concluding that his actions were justified under Oregon’s self-defense statutes.


My Professional Take

As a firearms instructor and self-defense law educator, I believe the jury got this case exactly right — and it’s outrageous that the DA’s office ever filed these charges.

Jason Steiner was working alone when two armed men entered his store, pointed guns at him, and forced him outside. That experience doesn’t suddenly become “safe” just because he ended up on the other side of a wall or door. The threat was still unfolding, and any reasonable person in his position would have feared for their life.

He didn’t chase anyone down. He didn’t act out of vengeance. He acted out of fear and survival, responding to an immediate and violent situation created entirely by the suspects.

The idea that he “should have just run away” is completely detached from reality. Oregon law doesn’t require that. There’s no duty to retreat when you’re lawfully present and face a deadly threat (State v. Charles, 1982; State v. Sandoval, 2007*).

The DA tried to criminalize a man for surviving an armed robbery — and that’s exactly what’s wrong with how self-defense is being treated in some jurisdictions today.

Steiner was a lawful employee, forced at gunpoint out of his own workplace, and still facing a threat from armed criminals. He had every right to defend himself, and the jury agreed.

This case is a textbook example of how self-defense can be legally, morally, and tactically justified — even when the defender is outside the building. He didn’t run — he lived.


The Civil Side — What Happens Next

Even though Jason Steiner was rightfully acquitted, don’t be surprised if his name — and the dispensary’s — show up in a civil lawsuit next.

That’s how this system works. When the criminal case fails, civil attorneys often circle back to see if there’s still money to be made. They’ll likely go after everyone involved — Steiner, La Mota, maybe even the property owner or their insurance carrier — under a wrongful death or negligence claim.

It doesn’t mean the case has merit. It just means that in civil court, the standard of proof is lower — “more likely than not” instead of “beyond a reasonable doubt.”
So even when someone is clearly justified, they can still get dragged through years of litigation and tens of thousands of dollars in legal fees defending themselves again.

That’s why I always stress to my students and guards:
Get self-defense insurance.

Without it, one justified act can bankrupt you in legal fees alone. Even when you do everything right — lawfully, morally, and tactically — you can still end up defending your life a second time in civil court.

If that happens here, Jason Steiner will probably be listed right alongside the dispensary, and they’ll both have to fight another battle — not for freedom this time, but for financial survival.


Self-Defense Law in Oregon

Oregon’s justification statutes outline when force — including deadly force — may be lawfully used:

  • ORS 161.209 allows the use of physical force when a person reasonably believes it is necessary to defend themselves or another from the use or imminent use of unlawful force.
  • ORS 161.219 allows deadly physical force when the defender reasonably believes the aggressor is committing or attempting to commit a felony involving force, or is about to use deadly force.

In plain terms: Oregon law centers on reasonableness and necessity, not on retreating or hesitation in the face of imminent danger.


No Duty to Retreat Under Oregon Law

Unlike some states, Oregon does not impose a legal duty to retreat before using deadly force in self-defense. As long as a person is lawfully present and reasonably believes deadly force is necessary to stop an imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury, they are justified in standing their ground.

This principle is confirmed by both statute and case law:

State v. Charles, 293 Or. 273 (1982) — The Oregon Supreme Court held that a person claiming self-defense “is not required to retreat or to consider whether he could safely retreat” before using force.
(647 P.2d 897 (Or. 1982))

State v. Sandoval, 342 Or. 506 (2007) — The court reaffirmed that nothing in ORS 161.219 “suggests that persons who reasonably believe another person is about to use deadly physical force against them must calculate whether it is possible to retreat before using deadly physical force in self-defense.”
(174 P.3d 272 (Or. 2007))

Together, these rulings make it clear: Oregon law protects the right to stand your ground if you are lawfully present and faced with an imminent, unlawful threat.


My Perspective

In Jason Steiner’s case, this legal principle couldn’t be more relevant. He was lawfully inside and outside his workplace during a violent felony, and the threat never stopped being real. Oregon law did not require him to flee or hide — he had every right to defend himself.

The jury recognized that. They understood that self-defense is not murder when the threat is real, immediate, and unlawful. Justice was served.


Lessons for Armed Citizens & Business Owners

  • Have a plan. Armed robberies unfold in seconds — not minutes. Training and situational awareness save lives.
  • Know your state laws. Whether you’re in Oregon, Colorado, or Texas, the same principles apply: reasonableness, necessity, and lawful presence.
  • Don’t provoke. Don’t hesitate. If you are lawfully present and face a deadly threat, you have the right — and the duty — to protect yourself and others.

Final Thoughts

This case serves as another real-world reminder that self-defense is not a crime when the threat is real and the defender is lawful.

For every CCW holder, business owner, and armed professional, this verdict reinforces one truth:
You have the right to go home safe.



Call to Action

➡️ Sign up for a Colorado Concealed Carry Class – Learn the laws, tactics, and judgment skills needed to protect yourself legally and responsibly.
➡️ Compare Self-Defense Insurance – Don’t face a courtroom alone. Visit our Self-Defense Insurance Comparison Chart to find the best coverage.


Disclaimer

This article reflects the professional opinion of Mark Schneider, firearms instructor and Force Science Analyst.
It is not legal advice. Always consult an attorney for specific legal guidance.